Improving the Methodology for Assessing Household Healthcare Expenditure and Optimizing the Healthcare System
This paper examines international approaches to measuring household healthcare expenditure and explores their adaptation to the context of Uzbekistan. Drawing on the World Health Organization's Out-of-Pocket (OOP) methodology and a comparative analysis of healthcare financing systems in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, the study proposes a new approach to assessing the actual financial burden borne by households. The author develops the Household Financing Burden Model, which provides a more comprehensive assessment of household contributions to healthcare financing and offers evidence-based recommendations for optimizing the healthcare system.
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